![]() 53 It is known that single polymeric materials like uncoated plastic foils cannot be simply laminated on top of an AMOLED, as a WVTR in the order of 1–10 g/(m 2 day) does not fulfill the requirements of OLED encapsulation. Aside from water transmission, for the oxygen transmission rate (OTR) typical values to reach similar OLED lifetimes have been reported in the region of 10 − 5 cm 3/(m 2 day) to 10 − 3 cm 3/(m 2 day). ![]() 52 This value is based on an estimate of the amount of water required to corrode the reactive cathode material in a typical OLED. 51 A very commonly quoted figure for upper limits of the water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) of a particular barrier layer required to reach a minimum OLED lifetime of 10 000 h is 10 − 6 g/(m 2 day). 50 Without encapsulation a rapid degradation and a severely limited lifetime of the devices has been reported. 49 Moreover, low work function cathode materials or electron injection layers based on chemically doped organic materials which are often used in OLED structures add to the sensitivity of the devices against ambient gases. ![]() Owing to the sensitivity of many organic semiconductors to oxygen and moisture, OLEDs are a particularly demanding case. Gas diffusion barriers are important for various applications ranging from food-packing to flat panel displays or solar cells grown on plastic substrates. ![]() Riedl, in Organic Light-Emitting Diodes (OLEDs), 2013 17.3.1 Concepts and requirements ![]()
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